KCSE 2019 Biology Paper 1

2. (a) Besides venation state two other external characteristics of leaves that can be used to classify plants   (2mks)

• shape of the leaf/lamina i.e broad or narrow 
• leaf margin i.e serrated/smooth/lobe
• leaf sheath/petiole i.e presence or absence
•   leaf apex pointed/absent   

(b) Explain why the bat is   classified as a mammal yet it flies

•    body covered by fur/hair
•      the bat is viviparous/ gives birth to young-ones
• Has external ears/pinna

•   has sweat glands

3. The diagram below illustrates a specialized cell obtained from a certain tissue

 

(a) Name the cell

•  Nerve cell/ Motor Neurone

(b) State two ways in which the cell is structurally adapted to its function

•   has myelin sheath which insulates the axon thus enhances transmission of nerve impulses
•   It has numerous dendrites to deliver or transmit nerve impulses

Biology Paper 1 KCSE 2019 Question 1

 1. Name three characteristics of living things illustrated by each of the activities described below

(a) Dressing heavily                                   (1mk)

Irritability or response to stimuli or sensitivity

(b)Bursting of the sporangium in Rhizopus sp  (1mk)

Reproduction

KCSE BIOLOGY PAPER 1 2020

 KCSE 2010 BIOLOGY PAPER 1

 

1. State the name given to the study of :

(a) The cell

• Cytology

(b) micro-organisms

•  Microbiology

2. The diagram below show a transverse section of a plant organ.

 

 

 

(a) Name the plant organ from which the section was obtained

• Stem

 (b) (i) Name the class to which the plant was obtained (1mk)

• Monocotyledonae

      (ii) Give the reason for your answer in b(i) above        (1mk)

• Vascular bundles are scattered

(c) Name the part labelled X                      (1mk)

• Epidermis

 3. State the function of:

 (a) Ribosomes                                         (1mk)

• Protein synthesis
  

 (b) Lysosomes                                         (1mk)

• Destroys worn out organelles

4.The diagram below shows a specialized plant cell

 

(a) (i) Name the cell.

• Root hair cell

    (ii) Name the parts labeled D and E.

• D-cell wall 
• E-cell sap(Vacuole)

   (iii) State the function of the part labelled C

• Controls cell activities

5. . State three ways in which a respiratory surface is adapted to its function. 

•  It has a large surface area for efficient diffusion of gases
• Moist to dissolve gases before diffusion
• This for efficient diffusion of gases across a short distance
• Highly vascularized to transport diffused gases efficienty
  

6. State one function for each of the following: 

(a) Cerebellum   

• Maintain balance   

(b) Medulla oblongata  

• controls heart beat 

 7. Distinguish between haemolysis and plasmolysis.    

• Hymolysis :process by which red blood cell take in water until they burst
• Plasmolysis: loss of water from plant cell until the membrane is detached from the cell wall
  

8. State three external differences between chilopoda and diplopoda.   

•  chilopoda has a pair of walking legs per segment while diplopoda has two pair of walking legs per segment
• chilopoda has dosoventrally flattened body while diplopoda has cylindrical body
• chilopoda's body is divided into head and trunk while diplopoda's body is divided into head thorax and trunk
• chilopoda has posterior genital aperture while diplopoda has anterior genital aperture
• chilopoda has poisonous claws while diplopoda lacks poisonous claws
  

 9. State two ways in which chloroplasts are adapted to their function.  

• contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy
• It has stroma which contains enzymes for photosynthesis
• It has a large number of grana which increases surface area for accommodation of a large number of chlorophyll molecules for photosynthesis

 10. State two advantages of hybrid vigour.     

• resistance to diseases
• early maturity
• Increased yields
• resistance to drought
  

 11. The diagram below shows a transverse section of a leaf.

 

 

Computer Studies Notes

 KCSE COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES

 FORM ONE 

Introduction to Computers 

CPU

Security Threats and Controls 

More KCSE Computer Studies Notes 

 

Phrasal Verbs Part 2

 Bear with 

• Be patient. 
• Please BEAR WITH me a moment while I finish this email. 

Beat down

•  Strong sunshine. 
• The sun WAS really BEATING DOWN and we couldn't stay outdoors. 

Beat down 

• someone to lower the price of something.
•  I managed to BEAT him DOWN to fifty Euros. 

Beat out

•  Narrowly win in competition.
•  The marathon runner barely BEAT OUT his rival at the tape. 

Beat up

•  Attack violently. 
• The mugger BEAT him UP and stole his wallet. 

Beaver away 

• Work hard. She's BEAVERING AWAY before her exams.

 Beaver away at 

• Work hard doing something. 
• I have to BEAVER AWAY AT it or else I will fail the course.

 Bed down

•  Sleep somewhere less comfortable than normal. 
• We had to BED DOWN on the floor for the night. 

Bed down 

• Become established or successful over time. 
• The new government has found it hard to BED DOWN and become accepted. 

Bed out 

• Move a plant outside. 
• I BEDDED the plants OUT when the weather warmed up.

Beef up 

• Make something stronger or more solid.

• The company BEEFED UP their case when they saw that the public wouldn't accept their first explanation of the accident. 

Belong to 

• Be a member.
•  He BELONGS TO a secret society. 

Belong to 

• Be connected to a time, place, belief, thing, etc.
•  Their ideas BELONG TO the nineteenth century and seem old-fashioned now. 

Belong with

•  Be in the correct or appropriate location with other items. 
• Does this disc BELONG WITH those on the shelf? 

Belt out

•  Sing something loudly. 

• They BELTED OUT the national anthems before the game. 

Belt up 

• Be quiet. She told the students to BELT UP because they were making so much noise. 

Belt up 

• Fasten your seat belt. 
• I told the kids to BELT UP before I started the car. 

Bend down

•  Lower the top half of your body.
•  I BENT DOWN to pick it up off the floor. 

Bend over 

• Lower the top part of your body. 
• I BENT OVER to do my shoes up. 

Bend over backwards 

• Do a lot to try to help or please someone. 
• I BENT OVER BACKWARDS for them and they didn't even thank me. 

Big up 

• Exaggerate the importance. 
• He BIGS himself UP all the time. 

Big up

•  Increase the size of muscles by exercise. 
• They work out a lot to BIG themselves UP. 

Bitch up 

• Spoil or ruin something. 
• I BITCHED UP the interview. 

Black out 

• Fall unconscious.
•  He BLACKED OUT and collapsed on the floor. 

Black out 

• Lose light.
•  Everything BLACKED OUT when the power supply failed.

Poems

 SYMPTOMS OF LOVE

 Love is a universal migraine, 

A bright stain on the vision 

Blotting out reason. 

Symptoms of true love 

Are leanness, jealousy, 

Laggard dawns;

 Are omens and nightmares- 

Listening for a knock. 

Waiting for a sign: 

For a touch of her fingers 

In a darkened room, 

For a searching look 

Take courage, lover! 

Could you endure such pain 

At any hand but hers? 

(Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry and Drama, McGraw-Hill, 2000)

 

 

“SYMPATHY” 

I know what the caged bird feels, alas ! 

When the sun is bright on the upland slopes; 

When the wind stirs soft through the springing grass 

And the river flows like a stream of glass; 

When the first bird sings and the first bud opens, 

And the faint perfume from its petals steals- 

I know what the caged bird feels! 

I know why the caged bird beats his wing 

Till its blood is red on the cruel bans; 

For he must fly back for his perch and cling 

When he rather would be on the branch a –swing;

 And a pain still throbs in the old, old scars 

And they pulse again with a keener sting –

 I know why he beats his wing! 

I know why the caged bird sings, ah me, 

When his wing is bruised and his blossom sore, 

When he beats his bars and would be free; 

It is not a song of joy or glee, 

But a prayer that he sends from his heart’s deep core, 

But a plea, that upward to Heaven he flings –

 I know why the caged bird sings !

 (Adapted from the poem by Paul Lawrence DunbarIn American Negropoetry,edited by Arna Bontemps)

English Phrasal Verbs

 Phrasal Verbs Part I

 

 

 

 

 

 

Abide by

• Accept or follow a decision or rule
• We have to ABIDE BY what the court says. 

Account for 

• To explain. 
• They had to ACCOUNT FOR all the money that had gone missing. 

Ache for 

• Want something or someone a lot. 
• My partner's been away for a fortnight- I am ACHING FOR her. 

Act on 

• To take action because of something like information received. 
• The police were ACTING ON a tip from an informer and caught the gang red-handed. 

Act on

• Affect.  
• The medicine only ACTS ON infected tissue.

Act out

• Perform something with actions and gestures..
• They ACTED OUT the story on stage.    

Act out 

• Express an emotion in your behaviour. 

Act out

•  Express an emotion in your behaviour. 
• Their anger is ACTED OUT in their antisocial behaviour. 

Act up 

• Behave badly or strangely.
•  My computer's ACTING UP; I think I might have a virus. 

Act upon 

• To take action because of something like information received. 
• The police were ACTING UPON a tip-off.

 Act upon 

• Affect.
•  The enzyme ACTS UPON certain proteins. 

Add on 

• Include in a calculation.You have to ADD the VAT ON to the price they give. 

Add up 

• To make a mathematical total.We ADDED UP the bill to check it was correct. 

Add up

•  Be a satisfactory explanation for something. 
• She explained why the work wasn't ready,but her story doesn't ADD UP. 

Add up to 

• Have a certain result. 
• Trains delays are getting worse and with the high fares, it all ADDS UP TO misery for the commuters. 

Add up to

•  Come to a certain amount or figure. 
• The total costs ADD UP TO several million euros.

 Agree with 

• Affect- usually used in the negative to show that something has had a negative effect, especially is it makes you feel bad.
•  I feel terrible- that food didn't AGREE WITH my stomach. 

Aim at 

• To target.The magazine is AIMED AT teenagers. 

Aim at

•  Intend to achieve. 
• They're AIMING AT reducing costs by ten percent. 

 Ask around 

• Ask a number of people for information of help. 
• I have no idea, but I'll ASK AROUND at work and see if anyone can help. 

Ask around

•  Invite someone. 
• We ASKED them AROUND for dinner. 

Ask for 

• To provoke a negative reaction.You're ASKING FOR trouble. 

Ask for

•  Request to have or be given.I ASKED FOR the menu. 

Ask in 

• To invite somebody into your house.'Jon's at the door.' 'ASK him IN.' 

Ask out 

• To invite someone for a date. 
• He wanted to ASK her OUT but was too shy. 

Ask over

•  Invite.They have ASKED us OVER for drinks on Friday. 

Ask round

•  Invite someone. 
• We ASKED John ROUND for diner. 

Auction off 

• Sell something in an auction. 
• They AUCTIONED OFF their property as they were heavily in debt. 

Back away

•  Retreat or go backwards.The crowd BACKED AWAY when the man pulled a knife. 

Back down 

• Retract or withdraw your position or proposal in an argument. 
• She refused to BACK DOWN and was fired. 

Back into 

• Enter a parking area in reverse gear. 
• He prefers to BACK his car INTO the garage. 

Back off 

• Retreat. 
• The police told the protesters to BACK OFF. 

Back out

•  Fail to keep an arrangement or promise. 
• He BACKED OUT two days before the holiday so we gave the ticket to his sister

 Back out of 

• Fail to keep an agreement, arrangement. 
• She BACKED OUT OF the agreement at the last minute. 

Back out of 

• Exit a parking area in reverse gear. 
• She BACKED the Rolls OUT OF its parking space. 

Back up 

• Make a copy of computer data. 
• You should always BACK UP important